Fishing knowledge related to the catch of crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) in the municipality of Conde, Bahia State

Abstract

This study presents the empirical knowledge of artisanal fishermen from the municipality of Conde, Northeastern Bahia State, regarding the catch of brachyuran crustaceans of economic importance in the region. The local techniques and tools used by crab gatherers, as well as the aspects of trade and territoriality are discussed. The data were obtained from September 2007 to December 2009 through open-ended recorded interviews and behavioral observation, considering the usual methods for ethnographic work. A total of 57 artisanal fishermen of both genders and aged between 10 and 78 years were interviewed. The data were analyzed to compare the information provided by participants with those registered in the academic literature. There were four campaigns of biometric analysis of portunid crabs (Callinectes spp.) to determine their sex ratio and morphometry. The capture of resources has a predominantly economic motivation, but is also the main income source of these fishermen. In the biometric analysis of mangrove-crabs, the preference by larger animals was showed regardless the gender. It was also noted the territoriality phenomenon in fishing, though the "fisheries" are freely accessible to all. The artisanal fishing of brachyuran crustaceans of economic importance in Conde is performed with a variety of techniques and equipments that in a direct or indirect way interfere with the fauna and ecosystem dynamics. Although there was some conservation awareness by the participants of this study, different management attitudes were showed. Further studies are needed for the management and sustainable use of these fishery resources, thus providing benefits to local communities.