Ictiofauna, recursos alimentares e relações com as interferências antrópicas em um riacho urbano no sul do Brasil

Abstract

This research was performed in the upper portion of ribeirão Cambé, a Tibagi river subafluent, located at the urban area of Londrina, Paraná. The goals of this research were assessing qualitative and quantitative variations of fish species and of the food resources consumed by them related to environmental alterations. Four samples were taken in each of the five points (P1 to P5) selected along the stream, from November 2001 to August 2002. The number of species and diversity of food resources were different in each sampling point, with a direct relation between diversity of food resources and fish species. Detritus was the most abundant resource used by fishes in all sampling points except in P1, where insects and terrestrial plants were among the abundant food item. In P2, P3, and P4, the abundance of detritus consumed by fishes is related to the abundance of Poecilia reticulata, highly tolerant to antropic impacts. In P5, P. reticulata e Phalloceros caudimaculatus foraged basically on detritus, whereas four species of Tetragonopterinae that preyed mainly upon insects and plants behaved as generalists. Along the studied portion of ribeirão Cambé, the effects of antropic impacts typical of urbanized areas such as removal of riparian forest, effluent discharges, channel alteration, and introduction of exotic or allochothonus species were evident. Furthermore, many species behaved as specialists consuming an abundant item (detritus) instead of a wider array of food resources as expected in undegraded streams.