Length-weight and length-length relationships for rockpool fishes on the Brazilian coast

Machado, Fabiola Seabra; Oliveira, Rory Romero de Sena; Silva, Arianderson Texeira; Giarrizzo, Tommaso

doi:10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2016-0251

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

short communication • Biota Neotrop. 17 (3) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2016-0251 copy

Length-weight and length-length relationships for rockpool fishes on the Brazilian coast

Relações comprimento-peso e comprimento-comprimento para os peixes de poças de maré na costa brasileira

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Fifty-nine length-weight (LWR) and length-length (LLR) relationships were estimated for 18 fish species, belonging to 10 families. The fish specimens were captured in rockpools of 21 sites along a stretch of 4,900 km of the Brazilian coast, between latitudes 00° and 22°S, in 2012. This study represents the first reference available for five fish species (Gobiesox barbatulus, Bathygobius geminatus, Labrisomus nuchipinnis, Malacoctenus delalandii, Lutjanus alexandrei) in LLR and six (Gobiesox barbatulus, Bathygobius geminatus, Hypleurochilus fissicornis, Omobranchus punctatus, Entomacrodus vomerinus, Diplodus argenteus) in LWR.

Keywords:
intertidal fish; tidepool; allometry

Resumo

Cinquenta e nove relações peso-comprimento (RRC) e comprimento-comprimento (RCC) foram estimadas para 18 espécies de peixes, distribuídos em 10 famílias. Os espécimes de peixes foram capturados em poças de maré de 21 locais amostrados, ao longo de um trecho de 4.900 km da costa brasileira, entre as latitudes 00° e 22°S, durante o ano de 2012. Este estudo apresenta a primeira referência disponível para 5 espécies de peixes (Gobiesox barbatulus, Bathygobius geminatus, Labrisomus nuchipinnis, Malacoctenus delalandii, Lutjanus alexandrei) em RCC e 6 (Gobiesox barbatulus, Bathygobius geminatus, Hypleurochilus fissicornis, Omobranchus punctatus, Entomacrodus vomerinus, Diplodus argenteus) em RPC.

Palavras-Chave:
peixes de entremarés; poças de maré; alometria

Introduction

In most fishery studies length–weight relationship (LWR) equations have been extensively used to estimate the fish weight from length given the technical difficulties (e.g., bobbing motion of the boat) and the amount of time required to record weight in the field (Morato et al. 2001MORATO. T., AFONSO, P., LOURINHO, P., BARREIROS, J.P., SANTOSA, R.S. & NASHC, R.D.M. 2001. Length-weight relationships for 21 coastal fish species of the Azores, north-eastern Atlantic. Fish. Res. 50:297-302., Morey et al. 2003MOREY, G., MORANTA, J., MASSUTÍ, E., GRAU, A., LINDE, M., RIERA, F. & MORALES-NIN, N. 2003. Weight-length relationships of littoral to lower slope fishes from the western Mediterranean. Fish. Res. 62(1):89-96.). However, the LWR of the same species could vary in space (e.g., habitats and regional variation), so the use of a single equation throughout a large geographical area could introduce a bias in the estimates of weight (Morato et al. 2001MORATO. T., AFONSO, P., LOURINHO, P., BARREIROS, J.P., SANTOSA, R.S. & NASHC, R.D.M. 2001. Length-weight relationships for 21 coastal fish species of the Azores, north-eastern Atlantic. Fish. Res. 50:297-302., Mendes et al. 2004MENDES, B., FONSECA, P. & CAMPOS, A. 2004. Weight–length relationships for 46 fish species of the Portuguese west coast. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 20(5):355-361., Joyeux et al. 2008JOYEUX, J.C., GIARRIZZO, T., MACIEIRA, R.M., SPACH, H.L. & VASKE T., Jr. 2008. Length–weight relationships for Brazilian estuarine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):350-355.). Therefore, obtaining accurate local LWR parameter estimates is an important factor in the assessment of fish stocks and to subsidize the ecosystem modelling (Vaz-dos-Santos & Gris 2016VAZ-DOS-SANTOS, A.M. & GRIS, B. 2016. Length-weight relationships of the ichthyofauna from a coastal subtropical system: a tool for biomass estimates and ecosystem modelling. Biota Neotrop. 16(3): e20160192.). Additionally, length–length relationship (LLR) is very important for fisheries management and for comparative studies of population growth (e.g.,Moutopoulos & Stergiou 2002MOUTOPOULOS, D.K. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2002. Length-weight and length-length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 18(3):200-203.). In this study we report 59 LWR and LLR for 18 fish species caught in rockpools of 21 sites along a stretch of 4,900 km of the Brazilian coast, between latitudes 00° and 22°S.

Material and Methods

A Brazilian coastal sector between the Amazon estuary (0° of latitude) and Rio de Janeiro (22° S) was sampled between March and December 2012, in 21 rockpool sites spaced in average ~210 km apart (Figure 1).

Figure 1
Geographic location of the 21 rockpools sites along the Brazilian coast. The names of locations are available in .

The rockpool fish fauna was caught at low tide using anesthetic clove oil (40 ml from anesthetic dissolved in 1000 ml of ethanol) and small hand-nets (length 150 mm; mouth 101.6 mm and mesh 3 mm). The specimens were fixed in 10% formalin, preserved in 70% alcohol and identified at the lowest taxonomic level possible (Figueiredo & Menezes 1978FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1978. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, II Teleostei 1., 1980aFIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1980a Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, III Teleostei 2., 1980bFIGUEIREDO, J.L. & MENEZES, N. 1980b. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, IV Teleostei 3., Menezes & Figueiredo 1985MENEZES, N.A. & FIGUEIREDO, J.L. 1985. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, Teleostei 4., Carvalho-Filho 1999CARVALHO FILHO, A. 1999. Peixes: costa brasileira. São Paulo: Melro 1., Carpenter 2002aCARPENTER, K.E. 2002a. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 2., 2002bCARPENTER, K.E. 2002b. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 3., Eschmeyer et al. 2016ESCHMEYER, W.N., FRICKE, R. & VAN R. D. L. (EDS). 2016. Catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.calacademy.org, version accessed (11/2016).). Specimens were measured (nearest 0.01 cm standard length, SL and total length, TL) using digital slide calipers and weighed (nearest 0.01 g total weight, TW) using a digital balance.

The length–weight relationships (LWR) were calculated using the equation TW = aTL^b. Data were log transformed into: log TW = log a + blog TL (plots were performed for visual inspection of outliers, with extremes being excluded from the regression analyses) where TW is weight in grams, TL is total length in centimeters, a is a constant, and b is the slope of the linear regression that sets the allometric growth (Froese 2006FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253.). Furthermore, length-length relationships (LLR) were estimated by the method of least squares to fit a simple linear regression model using the equation TL = a + bSL (Hossain et al. 2006HOSSAIN, M.Y., AHMED, Z.F., LEUNDA, P.M., JASMINE, S., OSCOZ, J., MIRANDA, R. & OHTOMI, J. 2006. Condition, length–weight and length–length relationships of the Asian striped catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Mathabhanga River, southwestern Bangladesh. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22: 304-307.). The association degree between variables (TW and TL for LWR and SL and TL for LLR), was measured by the coefficient of determination (r²). In order to verify if b was significantly different from the isometric value (i.e., b = 3 for LWR), the one-tailed Student's t-test (H0: b = 3) with a confidence level of ± 95% (α = 0.05) was employed (Sokal & Rohlf 1987SOKAL, R.R. & ROHLF, F.J. 1987. Introduction to Biostatistics. Freeman, New York, USA., Froese et al. 2011FROESE, R, TSIKLIRAS, A.C. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2011. Editorial note on weight–length relations of fishes. Acta Ichtyol. Pisc. 41(4):261-263.).

Results and Discussion

Overall, 4,299 specimens representing 18 different fish species belonging to 10 families were analyzed. The family Blenniidae were the most richness with four species, followed by Gobiidae and Pomacentridae (tree species each one), and Labrisomidae (two species). The five remaining families (Gobiesocidae, Carangidae, Gerreidae, Haemulidae, Sparidae and Lutjanidae) were represented by only one species. Sample size ranged from 9 specimens for Labrisomus nuchipinnis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) in Pirangi do Sul-RN (site 12), to 735 for Scartella cristata (Linnaeus, 1758) in Canoa Quebrada-CE (site 10). The inclusion of species with small sample size (< 20 individuals) is justified by using individuals with a spread in length broad enough to obtain the relationships (Froese 2006FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253., Froese et al. 2011FROESE, R, TSIKLIRAS, A.C. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2011. Editorial note on weight–length relations of fishes. Acta Ichtyol. Pisc. 41(4):261-263.).

A total of 59 LLR and LWR were computed for all 18 fish species caught in one or more sampling sites (Table 1 and 2). All regressions were highly significant (p < 0.001), with the coefficient of determination r² ranging from 0.911 to 0.999.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Estimated parameters of length–length simple linear regression (LLR) to convert standard length (SL) to total length (TL) for 18 rockpool fish species in 21 sites along Brazilian coast.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Estimated parameters of length-weight relationships (LWR) for 18 fish species in 21 rockpool sites along Brazilian coast.

The present study provides the first information on LLR and on LWR for five [Gobiesox barbatulus (Starks, 1913), Bathygobius geminatus (Tornabene, Baldwin & Pezold, 2010), Labrisomus nuchipinnis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), Malacoctenus delalandii (Valenciennes, 1836), Lutjanus alexandrei (Moura & Lindeman, 2007)] and five [Gobiesox barbatulus, Bathygobius geminatus, Hypleurochilus fissicornis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), Entomacrodus vomerinus (Valenciennes, 1836), Diplodus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830)] native species (Table 1 and Table 2), respectively. It also presents the LWR information of Omobranchus punctatus (Valenciennes, 1836), an exotic fish species from Indo-Pacific region widely introduced in the Western Atlantic Coast (Lasso-Alcalá et al. 2011LASSO-ALCALÁ, O NUNES, J.L.S., LASSO, C., POSADA, J., ROBERTSON, R., PIORSKI, N.M., TASSELL, J.V., GIARRIZZO, T. & GONDOLO, G. 2011. Invasion of the indo-pacific blenny Omobranchus punctatus (Perciformes: Blenniidae) on the Atlantic coast of central and south America. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 9(3):571-578.).

Conversions among length measurements are given in Table 1. The parameter b of the LLR ranged from 1.125 for Bathygobius geminatus from Castelhanos beach (site 20, Espírito Santo state), to 1.416 for Diplodus argenteus from Tartaruga beach (site 21, Rio de Janeiro state). The slope (b) of LWR ranged from 2.81 for Eucinostomus melanopterus (Bleeker, 1863) from Saco beach (site 15, Sergipe state), to 3.26 for Labrisomus nuchipinnis from Itapuã beach (site 17, Bahia state), thus within the expected range of 2.50–3.50, as suggested by Froese (2006)FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253.. The calculated mean value of all 59 estimations of b (± SE) was 3.06 (± 0.09), thus indicating a tendency towards positive allometry, which is in agreement with the majority of fish species (Froese 2006FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253.). Concerning the type of growth, 39 estimations (66.1% of the overall 59 estimations species × sites) evidenced isometric growth (b = 3), 17 estimations (28.8%) showed positive allometry (b > 3), and three estimations (5.1%) negative allometry (Figure 2). The most represented families in terms of species richness did not show a consistent tendency in type of growth among species.

Figure 2
Frequency distribution of b values of 59 LWR estimations computed for 18 fish species caught in tidepool along the Brazilian coast.

Almost 90% of all fish collected were juveniles of larger species or adults of small species. Samples of three species [i.e. Caranx latus (Agassiz, 1831), Diplodus argentus and Abdefduf saxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)] were represented by small length ranges due to the nursery function of the sampled tidalpools. Therefore, LWRs biased by inclusion of small specimens, should be used with caution (Giarrizzo et al. 2006GIARRIZZO, T., JESUS, A.J.S., LAMEIRA, E.C., ALMEIDA, J.B.A., ISSAC, V.J. & SAINT-PAUL, U. 2006. Weight-length relationships for intertidal fish fauna in a mangrove estuary in Northern Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:325-327.). As pointed out by Petrakis and Stergiou (1995), the application of these LWRs should be limited to the size ranges used to estimate the parameters. Geographical differences in type of growth were observed for nine fish species. Seven species presented isometry or positive allometry, depending on the geographic site sampled [Scartella cristata, Bathygobius geminatus, Labrisomus nuchipinnis, Malacoctenus delalandii (Valenciennes, 1836), Abudefduf saxatilis, Stegastes fuscus (Cuvier, 1830) and Stegaste variabilis (Castelnau, 1855)]. One species presented isometry or negative allometry [Ctenogobius boleosoma (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)] and the Bathygobius soporator species showed isometry and negative and positive allometry. The observed differences among localities could be explained by a number of factors including temperature, salinity, food availability, gonadal development, number of specimens, and the variations in the range of length of the sample populations (Pauly 1984PAULY, D. 1984. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 8., Weatherley & Gill 1987WEATHERLEY, A.H. & GILL, H.S. 1987. The biology of fish growth. Academic Press, London., Giarrizzo et al. 2006GIARRIZZO, T., JESUS, A.J.S., LAMEIRA, E.C., ALMEIDA, J.B.A., ISSAC, V.J. & SAINT-PAUL, U. 2006. Weight-length relationships for intertidal fish fauna in a mangrove estuary in Northern Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:325-327., Joyeux et al. 2008JOYEUX, J.C., GIARRIZZO, T., MACIEIRA, R.M., SPACH, H.L. & VASKE T., Jr. 2008. Length–weight relationships for Brazilian estuarine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):350-355., Macieira & Joyeux 2008MACIEIRA, R.M. & JOYEUX, J.C. 2008. Length–weight relationships for rockpool fishes in Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):358-359.).

In conclusion, this study has provided baseline information on the LWR and LLR of rockpool fish fauna sampled along a wide coastal sector of Brazil. The results obtained from this study will be useful to fishery biologists to employ adequate estimations for specific geographic areas.

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge Alfredo Carvalho Filho for assistance in identification of fish species and Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) for licensing n° 24917 for Biological material collected. First and second author acknowledge financial support by the CAPES and CNPQ-PPGEAP, respectively. The last author, Tommaso Giarrizzo, receives a productivity grant from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico [National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq; process CNPq # 310299/2016-0)].

References

CARPENTER, K.E. 2002a. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 2.
CARPENTER, K.E. 2002b. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 3.
CARVALHO FILHO, A. 1999. Peixes: costa brasileira. São Paulo: Melro 1.
ESCHMEYER, W.N., FRICKE, R. & VAN R. D. L. (EDS). 2016. Catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.calacademy.org, version accessed (11/2016).
FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1978. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, II Teleostei 1.
FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1980a Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, III Teleostei 2.
FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & MENEZES, N. 1980b. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, IV Teleostei 3.
FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253.
FROESE, R, TSIKLIRAS, A.C. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2011. Editorial note on weight–length relations of fishes. Acta Ichtyol. Pisc. 41(4):261-263.
FROESE, R. & PAULY, D. 2016. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version (01/2016).
GIARRIZZO, T., JESUS, A.J.S., LAMEIRA, E.C., ALMEIDA, J.B.A., ISSAC, V.J. & SAINT-PAUL, U. 2006. Weight-length relationships for intertidal fish fauna in a mangrove estuary in Northern Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:325-327.
HOSSAIN, M.Y., AHMED, Z.F., LEUNDA, P.M., JASMINE, S., OSCOZ, J., MIRANDA, R. & OHTOMI, J. 2006. Condition, length–weight and length–length relationships of the Asian striped catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Mathabhanga River, southwestern Bangladesh. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22: 304-307.
JOYEUX, J.C., GIARRIZZO, T., MACIEIRA, R.M., SPACH, H.L. & VASKE T., Jr. 2008. Length–weight relationships for Brazilian estuarine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):350-355.
LASSO-ALCALÁ, O NUNES, J.L.S., LASSO, C., POSADA, J., ROBERTSON, R., PIORSKI, N.M., TASSELL, J.V., GIARRIZZO, T. & GONDOLO, G. 2011. Invasion of the indo-pacific blenny Omobranchus punctatus (Perciformes: Blenniidae) on the Atlantic coast of central and south America. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 9(3):571-578.
MACIEIRA, R.M. & JOYEUX, J.C. 2008. Length–weight relationships for rockpool fishes in Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):358-359.
MENDES, B., FONSECA, P. & CAMPOS, A. 2004. Weight–length relationships for 46 fish species of the Portuguese west coast. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 20(5):355-361.
MENEZES, N.A. & FIGUEIREDO, J.L. 1985. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, Teleostei 4.
MOUTOPOULOS, D.K. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2002. Length-weight and length-length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 18(3):200-203.
MORATO. T., AFONSO, P., LOURINHO, P., BARREIROS, J.P., SANTOSA, R.S. & NASHC, R.D.M. 2001. Length-weight relationships for 21 coastal fish species of the Azores, north-eastern Atlantic. Fish. Res. 50:297-302.
MOREY, G., MORANTA, J., MASSUTÍ, E., GRAU, A., LINDE, M., RIERA, F. & MORALES-NIN, N. 2003. Weight-length relationships of littoral to lower slope fishes from the western Mediterranean. Fish. Res. 62(1):89-96.
PAULY, D. 1984. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 8.
SOKAL, R.R. & ROHLF, F.J. 1987. Introduction to Biostatistics. Freeman, New York, USA.
WEATHERLEY, A.H. & GILL, H.S. 1987. The biology of fish growth. Academic Press, London.
VAZ-DOS-SANTOS, A.M. & GRIS, B. 2016. Length-weight relationships of the ichthyofauna from a coastal subtropical system: a tool for biomass estimates and ecosystem modelling. Biota Neotrop. 16(3): e20160192.

Publication Dates

Publication in this collection
2017

History

Received
17 Aug 2016
Reviewed
19 July 2017
Accepted
21 July 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Family/Species	Site/State	Site Code	n	Regression parameters
Family/Species	Site/State	Site Code	n	a	b	95% CL of a	95% CL of b	r²
Gobiesocidae
Gobiesox barbatulus Starks, 1913	Areuá-PA	4	23	0.157	1.187	-0.009 to 0.325	1.131 to 1.243	0.98
	Farol Velho-PA	5	36	0.032	1.234	-0.173 to 0.238	1.162 to 1.278	0.98
Blenniidae
*Hypleurochilus fissicornis* (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	Jericoacara-CE	8	82	0.131	1.139	0.0521 to 0.211	1.108 to 1.170	0.98
*Omobranchus punctatus* (Valenciennes, 1836)	Areuá-PA	4	11	0.007	1.176	-0.101 to 0.115	1.144 to 1.208	0.99
	Farol Veho-PA	5	50	-0.030	1.170	-0.145 to 0.084	1.140 to 1.200	0.99
*Scartella cristata* (Linnaeus, 1758)	Jericoacara-CE	8	264	0.106	1.169	0.034 to 0.178	1.155 to 1.184	0.98
	Canoa Quebrada-CE	10	735	0.060	1.182	0.018 to 0.102	1.171 to 1.192	0.98
	São M. do Gostoso-RN	11	39	0.038	1.166	-0.091 to 0.168	1.127 to 1.204	0.99
	Cabo Branco-PB	13	10	0.069	1.170	-0.128 to 0.267	1.117 to 1.222	0.99
	Boa Viagem-PE	14	65	0.121	1.134	0.059 to 0.1842	1.106 to 1.163	0.99
	Itapoã-BA	17	110	-0.022	1.203	-0.059 to 0.013	1.188 to 1.217	0.99
	Milagres-BA	18	97	0.117	1.145	0.051 to 0.183	1.118 to 1.172	0.98
*Entomacrodus vomerinus* Valenciennes, 1836	Itapoã-BA	17	90	0.037	1.201	-0.034 to 0.108	1.186 to 1.216	0.99
Carangidae
*Caranx latus* Agassiz, 1831	Saco-SE	15	15	-0.476	1.296	-1.137 to 0.183	1.165 to 1.427	0.97
Gerreidae
*Eucinostomus melanopterus* (Bleeker, 1863)	Saco-SE	15	90	-0.129	1.305	-0.177 to -0.081	1.278 to 1.333	0.99
Gobiidae
*Ctenogobius boleosoma* (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)	Saco-SE	15	216	-0.096	1.300	-0.179 to -0.012	1.262 to 1.339	0.95
	Castelhanos-ES	20	24	-0.122	1.292	-0.300 to 0.059	1.202 to 1.381	0.97
*Bathygobius soporator* (Valenciennes, 1837)	Mata Fome-PA	1	95	-0.003	1.262	-0.168 to 0.161	1.223 to 1.301	0.97
	Joanes-PA	2	213	0.106	1.198	-0.014 to 0.228	1.166 to 1.231	0.96
	Paraiso-PA	3	55	0.079	1.219	-0.057 to 0.215	1.186 to 1.251	0.99
	Calhau-MA	6	34	-0.120	1.260	-0.200 to -0.040	1.244 to 1.277	0.99
	Barra Grande-PI	7	29	0.011	1.222	-0.109 to 0.131	1.187 to 1.256	0.99
	Jericoacara-CE	8	267	0.081	1.229	0.014 to 0.149	1.216 to 1.242	0.99
	Canoa Quebrada-CE	10	10	-0.096	1.254	-0.726 to 0.533	1.134 to 1.375	0.98
	Pirangi do Sul-RN	12	25	0.032	1.197	-0.130 to 0.194	1.153 to 1.241	0.99
	Cabo Branco-PB	13	141	-0.062	1.246	-0.114 to -0.010	1.231 to 1.262	0.99
	Saco-SE	15	122	0.010	1.234	-0.079 to 0.099	1.214 to 1.254	0.99
	Milagres-BA	18	17	0.078	1.164	-0.023 to 0.181	1.123 to 1.205	0.99
	Cabralia-BA	19	24	0.004	1.199	-0.063 to 0.072	1.165 to 1.233	0.99
	Castelhanos-ES	20	38	-0.080	1.253	-0.246 to 0.085	1.204 to 1.303	0.98
	Tartaruga-RJ	21	46	0.036	1.204	0.284 to -0.210	1.246 to 1.161	0.98
Bathygobius geminatus Tornabene, Baldwin & Pezold, 2010	Jericoacara-CE	8	96	0.085	1.227	0.169 to 0.169	1.253 to 1.253	0.98
	Canoa Quebrada-CE	10	13	0.108	1.193	-0.158 to 0.375	1.127 to 1.258	0.99
	Pirangi do Sul-RN	12	36	0.025	1.226	-0.091 to 0.143	1.185 to 1.268	0.99
	Cabo Branco-PB	13	132	0.108	1.182	0.010 to 0.207	1.145 to 1.220	0.96
	Saco-SE	15	24	0.240	1.198	-0.113 to 0.594	1.103 to 1.293	0.96
	Forte-BA	16	20	-0.003	1.222	-0.446 to 0.438	1.048 to 1.396	0.94
	Itapoã-BA	17	21	-0.044	1.219	-0.329 to 0.240	1.071 to 1.367	0.94
	Cabralia-BA	19	15	-0.082	1.277	-0.245 to 0.079	1.216 to 1.337	0.99
	Castelhanos-ES	20	67	0.190	1.125	0.074 to 0.306	1.072 to 1.178	0.96
	Tartaruga-RJ	21	17	-0.126	1.244	-0.264 to 0.012	1.212 to 1.276	0.99
Haemulidae
*Genyatremus luteus* (Bloch, 1790)	Farol Velho-PA	5	14	0.266	1.137	-0.304 to 0.837	0.992 to 1.282	0.96
Sparidae
*Diplodus argenteus* (Valenciennes, 1830)	Tartaruga-RJ	21	21	-0.508	1.416	-1.384 to 0.366	1.208 to 1.624	0.91
Labrisomidae
Labrisomus nuchipinnis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	Pirangi do Sul-RN	12	9	0.024	1.203	-0.398 to 0.447	1.132 to 1.274	0.99
	Forte-BA	16	14	-0.086	1.204	-0.504 to 0.331	1.153 to 1.255	0.99
	Itapoã-BA	17	18	0.116	1.160	0.0298 to 0.202	1.146 to 1.174	0.99
	Milagres-BA	18	28	0.149	1.157	0.005 to 0.292	1.102 to 1.212	0.98
Malacoctenus delalandii (Valenciennes, 1836)	Jericoacara-CE	8	85	0.075	1.194	-0.059 to 0.210	1.158 to 1.230	0.98
	São Miguel do Gostoso-RN	11	10	0.015	1.230	-0.154 to 0.186	1.168 to 1.291	0.99
	Pirangi do Sul-RN	12	15	-0.056	1.231	-0.277 to 0.164	1.138 to 1.323	0.98
Lutjanidae
Lutjanus alexandrei Moura & Lindeman, 2007	Jericoacara-CE	8	11	0.170	1.226	-0.157 to 0.497	1.176 to 1.275	0.99
Pomacentridae
*Abudefduf saxatilis* (Linnaeus, 1758)	Jericoacara-CE	8	180	-0.145	1.393	-0.249 to -0.041	1.366 to 1.420	0.98
	Canoa Quebrada-CE	10	41	-0.184	1.356	-0.369 to 0.001	1.273 to 1.439	0.96
	Saco-SE	15	136	0.030	1.286	-0.053 to 0.115	1.247 to 1.326	0.96
*Stegastes fuscus* (Cuvier, 1830)	Pirangi do Sul-RN	12	11	-0.388	1.378	-0.957 to 0.180	1.221 to 1.535	0.97
	Forte-BA	16	33	-0.063	1.320	-0.190 to 0.062	1.292 to 1.348	0.96
	Itapoã-BA	17	51	-0.052	1.304	-0.146 to 0.041	1.282 to 1.326	0.99
*Stegastes variabilis* (Castelnau, 1855)	Forte-BA	16	92	-0.021	1.324	-0.124 to 0.080	1.302 to 1.346	0.99
	Itapoã-BA	17	16	0.515	1.165	0.050 to 0.981	1.039 to 1.291	0.96

Family/Species	Site code	n	TL (cm)		TW (g)		Regression parameters					T-test
Family/Species	Site code	n	Min	Max	Min	Max	a	b	95% CL of a	95% CL of b	r²	T-test
Gobiesocidae
Gobiesox barbatulus Starks, 1913	4	23	1.9	6.0	0.08	3.64	0.013	2.912	0.010 to 0.017	2.681 to 3.143	0.97	0.22
	5	36	1.6	5.9	0.06	2.80	0.012	2.994	0.011 to 0.012	2.870 to 3.118	0.99	0.46
Blenniidae
Hypleurochilus fissicornis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	8	82	1.7	5.6	0.04	2.05	0.010	3.116	0.008 to 0.011	2.969 to 3.261	0.96	0.06
Omobranchus punctatus (Valenciennes, 1836)	4	11	1.8	5.5	0.03	0.9	0.005	3.086	0.003 to 0.007	2.753 to 3.418	0.98	0.28
	5	50	1.8	6.8	0.02	1.61	0.005	3.064	0.004 to 0.006	2.949 to 3.178	0.98	0.13
*Scartella cristata* (Linnaeus, 1758)	8	264	2.3	10	0.15	13.19	0.012	3.002	0.011 to 0.013	2.935 to 3.069	0.97	0.47
	10	735	1.5	8.6	0.03	8.0	0.010	3.135	0.009 to 0.010	3.101 to 3.169	0.97	0.00
	11	39	1.2	6.5	0.02	3.42	0.009	3.099	0.007 to 0.011	2.960 to 3.238	0.98	0.07
	13	10	2.4	6.3	0.12	2.33	0.009	2.988	0.007 to 0.013	2.775 to 3.202	0.99	0.45
	14	65	1.0	8.3	0.01	5.85	0.009	3.037	0.008 to 0.010	2.890 to 3.185	0.96	0.30
	17	110	1.1	7.8	0.01	5.61	0.009	3.082	0.008 to 0.010	2.952 to 3.206	0.96	0.09
	18	97	1.1	6.4	0.02	2.53	0.009	3.019	0.008 to 0.010	2.911 to 3.127	0.97	0.35
Entomacrodus vomerinus Valenciennes, 1836	17	90	2.0	10	0.06	8.33	0.007	3.090	0.006 to 0.008	3.015 to 3.164	0.99	0.01
Carangidae
*Caranx latus* Agassiz, 1831	15	15	4.8	8.9	1.53	9.52	0.014	2.962	0.009 to 0.021	2.745 to 3.179	0.99	0.35
Gerreidae
*Eucinostomus melanopterus* (Bleeker, 1863)	15	90	1.1	4.4	0.01	0.79	0.009	2.812	0.009 to 0.010	2.693 to 2.931	0.96	0.01
Gobiidae
*Ctenogobius boleosoma* (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)	15	216	1.1	4.2	0.01	0.39	0.006	2.878	0.005 to 0.006	2.803 to 2.952	0.96	0.01
	20	24	1.1	4.0	0.01	0.35	0.006	2.901	0.006 to 0.008	2.724 to 3.077	0.98	0.13
*Bathygobius soporator* (Valenciennes, 1837)	1	95	1.4	9.3	0.02	9.46	0.010	3.046	0.008 to 0.012	2.956 to 3.135	0.98	0.15
	2	213	2.6	7.8	0.22	6.62	0.009	3.151	0.008 to 0.011	3.072 to 3.230	0.97	<0.001
	3	55	2	10.4	0.11	13.93	0.013	2.968	0.011 to 0.015	2.887 to 3.049	0.99	0.22
	6	34	0.8	9.9	0.01	13.79	0.009	3.129	0.007 to 0.012	2.960 to 3.298	0.98	0.06
	7	29	1.5	7.0	0.03	3.92	0.008	3.165	0.007 to 0.009	3.079 to 3.251	0.99	<0.001
	8	267	1.5	10.5	0.05	15.8	0.009	3.169	0.008 to 0.010	3.114 to 3.225	0.98	<0.001
	10	10	1.4	9.3	0.03	10.15	0.010	3.051	0.008 to 0.013	2.922 to 3.180	0.99	0.19
	12	25	0.8	8.5	0.01	7.06	0.008	3.137	0.006 to 0.010	2.930 to 3.345	0.98	0.09
	13	141	1.0	7.8	0.01	5.97	0.008	3.198	0.007 to 0.008	3.149 to 3.247	0.99	<0.001
	15	122	1.0	10.6	0.01	15.78	0.008	3.155	0.008 to 0.009	3.114 to 3.195	0.99	<0.001
	18	17	1.2	6.5	0.01	2.75	0.007	3.169	0.006 to 0.009	2.974 to 3.365	0.99	0.04
	19	24	1.0	4.5	0.01	0.7	0.007	3.042	0.006 to 0.009	2.820 to 3.263	0.97	0.34
	20	38	2.2	7.8	0.12	4.76	0.011	2.913	0.010 to 0.013	2.795 to 3.032	0.99	0.07
	21	46	1.0	10.9	0.01	12.08	0.011	2.973	0.009 to 0.012	2.900 to 3.046	0.99	0.23
Bathygobius geminatus Tornabene, Baldwin & Pezold, 2010	8	96	1.6	6.9	0.04	4	0.008	3.135	0.007 to 0.010	3.034 to 3.237	0.98	<0.001
	10	13	1	7.8	0.01	4.25	0.010	3.008	0.008 to 0.013	2.844 to 3.173	0.99	0.45
	12	36	1.5	6.1	0.03	1.64	0.008	3.002	0.007 to 0.011	2.829 to 3.175	0.97	0.49
	13	132	1.6	4.7	0.04	1.06	0.009	3.055	0.008 to 0.010	2.969 to 3.141	0.97	0.10
	15	24	1.8	8.6	0.06	7.69	0.008	3.142	0.007 to 0.009	3.040 to 3.244	0.99	0.49
	16	20	1.8	3.4	0.05	0.46	0.010	3.066	0.008 to 0.012	2.854 to 3.278	0.98	0.26
	17	21	1.2	3.8	0.01	0.47	0.007	3.096	0.006 to 0.009	2.846 to 3.346	0.97	0.21
	19	15	1.7	4.5	0.04	0.83	0.007	3.084	0.005 to 0.010	2.819 to 3.350	0.98	0.25
	20	67	1.1	4.2	0.01	0.66	0.009	3.008	0.008 to 0.010	2.878 to 3.138	0.97	0.45
	21	17	2.7	7.5	0.22	4.63	0.010	2.997	0.009 to 0.011	2.925 to 3.070	0.99	0.47
Haemulidae
*Genyatremus luteus* (Bloch, 1790)	5	14	3.8	6.2	0.85	3.97	0.019	2.910	0.012 to 0.031	2.609 to 3.210	0.97	0.26
Sparidae
Diplodus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830)	21	21	3.6	6.4	0.51	2.99	0.010	3.045	0.008 to 0.014	2.871 to 3.218	0.99	0.30
Labrisomidae
*Labrisomus nuchipinnis* (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)	12	9	2.3	11.0	0.10	17.09	0.006	3.258	0.004 to 0.008	3.109 to 3.407	0.99	0.01
	16	14	6.2	11.9	2.95	20.66	0.007	3.184	0.005 to 0.012	2.990 to 3.379	0.99	0.01
	17	18	2.2	13	0.08	29.4	0.006	3.261	0.005 to 0.008	3.135 to 3.387	0.99	<0.001
	18	28	2	7.3	0.04	2.41	0.004	3.196	0.003 to 0.005	2.935 to 3.457	0.96	0.06
*Malacoctenus delalandii* (Valenciennes, 1836)	8	85	3	6.5	0.31	3.16	0.012	2.987	0.010 to 0.013	2.898 to 3.076	0.98	0.39
	11	10	2	5.1	0.06	1.32	0.006	3.175	0.005 to 0.009	2.936 to 3.414	0.99	0.03
	12	15	1.7	4.2	0.04	0.65	0.008	3.028	0.006 to 0.010	2.792 to 3.263	0.98	0.40
Lutjanidae
*Lutjanus alexandrei* Moura & Lindeman, 2007	8	11	4.4	11.3	1.25	19.76	0.015	2.955	0.007 to 0.030	2.625 to 3.285	0.98	0.38
Pomacentridae
*Abudefduf saxatilis* (Linnaeus, 1758)	8	180	1.6	11.3	0.07	32.64	0.020	2.973	0.018 to 0.022	2.904 to 3.041	0.98	0.22
	10	41	1.7	5	0.08	1.96	0.015	3.016	0.014 to 0.018	2.892 to 3.139	0.98	0.39
	15	136	1.3	4.9	0.05	2.15	0.013	3.135	0.012 to 0.015	3.018 to 3.252	0.95	0.01
*Stegastes fuscus* (Cuvier, 1830)	12	11	2.3	7.2	0.02	7.16	0.017	3.040	0.011 to 0.025	2.769 to 3.310	0.99	0.37
	16	33	1.6	9.9	0.08	23.76	0.016	3.087	0.014 to 0.018	3.005 to 3.168	0.99	0.01
	17	51	1.4	12.0	0.07	41.63	0.014	3.135	0.012 to 0.017	3.039 to 3.230	0.99	<0.01
*Stegastes variabilis* (Castelnau, 1855)	16	92	1.5	10.4	0.08	26.18	0.016	3.083	0.014 to 0.018	3.0213 to 3.145	0.99	<0.01
	17	16	2.6	6.7	0.36	5.68	0.016	3.069	0.011 to 0.023	2.8287 to 3.310	0.99	0.27

Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA - FAPESP Departamento de Biologia Vegetal - Instituto de Biologia, UNICAMP CP 6109, 13083-970 - Campinas/SP, Tel.: (+55 19) 3521-6166, Fax: (+55 19) 3521-6168 - Campinas - SP - Brazil
E-mail: contato@biotaneotropica.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] CARPENTER, K.E. 2002a. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 2.

[2] CARPENTER, K.E. 2002b. The living marine resources of the western central Atlantic. FAO - Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes 3.

[3] CARVALHO FILHO, A. 1999. Peixes: costa brasileira. São Paulo: Melro 1.

[4] ESCHMEYER, W.N., FRICKE, R. & VAN R. D. L. (EDS). 2016. Catalog of fishes: genera, species, references. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.calacademy.org, version accessed (11/2016).

[5] FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1978. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, II Teleostei 1.

[6] FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & Menezes, N. 1980a Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, III Teleostei 2.

[7] FIGUEIREDO, J.L. & MENEZES, N. 1980b. Manual dos peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, IV Teleostei 3.

[8] FROESE, R. 2006. Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:241-253.

[9] FROESE, R, TSIKLIRAS, A.C. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2011. Editorial note on weight–length relations of fishes. Acta Ichtyol. Pisc. 41(4):261-263.

[10] FROESE, R. & PAULY, D. 2016. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication, www.fishbase.org, version (01/2016).

[11] GIARRIZZO, T., JESUS, A.J.S., LAMEIRA, E.C., ALMEIDA, J.B.A., ISSAC, V.J. & SAINT-PAUL, U. 2006. Weight-length relationships for intertidal fish fauna in a mangrove estuary in Northern Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:325-327.

[12] HOSSAIN, M.Y., AHMED, Z.F., LEUNDA, P.M., JASMINE, S., OSCOZ, J., MIRANDA, R. & OHTOMI, J. 2006. Condition, length–weight and length–length relationships of the Asian striped catfish Mystus vittatus (Bloch, 1794) (Siluriformes: Bagridae) in the Mathabhanga River, southwestern Bangladesh. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22: 304-307.

[13] JOYEUX, J.C., GIARRIZZO, T., MACIEIRA, R.M., SPACH, H.L. & VASKE T., Jr. 2008. Length–weight relationships for Brazilian estuarine fishes along a latitudinal gradient. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):350-355.

[14] LASSO-ALCALÁ, O NUNES, J.L.S., LASSO, C., POSADA, J., ROBERTSON, R., PIORSKI, N.M., TASSELL, J.V., GIARRIZZO, T. & GONDOLO, G. 2011. Invasion of the indo-pacific blenny Omobranchus punctatus (Perciformes: Blenniidae) on the Atlantic coast of central and south America. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 9(3):571-578.

[15] MACIEIRA, R.M. & JOYEUX, J.C. 2008. Length–weight relationships for rockpool fishes in Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25(3):358-359.

[16] MENDES, B., FONSECA, P. & CAMPOS, A. 2004. Weight–length relationships for 46 fish species of the Portuguese west coast. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 20(5):355-361.

[17] MENEZES, N.A. & FIGUEIREDO, J.L. 1985. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. Museu de Zoologia da USP, São Paulo, Teleostei 4.

[18] MOUTOPOULOS, D.K. & STERGIOU, K.I. 2002. Length-weight and length-length relationships of fish species from the Aegean Sea (Greece). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 18(3):200-203.

[19] MORATO. T., AFONSO, P., LOURINHO, P., BARREIROS, J.P., SANTOSA, R.S. & NASHC, R.D.M. 2001. Length-weight relationships for 21 coastal fish species of the Azores, north-eastern Atlantic. Fish. Res. 50:297-302.

[20] MOREY, G., MORANTA, J., MASSUTÍ, E., GRAU, A., LINDE, M., RIERA, F. & MORALES-NIN, N. 2003. Weight-length relationships of littoral to lower slope fishes from the western Mediterranean. Fish. Res. 62(1):89-96.

[21] PAULY, D. 1984. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators. ICLARM Stud. Rev. 8.

[22] SOKAL, R.R. & ROHLF, F.J. 1987. Introduction to Biostatistics. Freeman, New York, USA.

[23] WEATHERLEY, A.H. & GILL, H.S. 1987. The biology of fish growth. Academic Press, London.

[24] VAZ-DOS-SANTOS, A.M. & GRIS, B. 2016. Length-weight relationships of the ichthyofauna from a coastal subtropical system: a tool for biomass estimates and ecosystem modelling. Biota Neotrop. 16(3): e20160192.